Line two, with yang firmness, attains the center and responds above to line five; line five, with soft compliance, attains the center and responds below to line two: ruler and minister share the same virtue.
Thus the talent of firm centrality is exclusively entrusted by the superior; therefore, though dwelling in the minister's station, line two is the master who governs Peace.
This is what is meant by "above and below interact and their wills are united"; hence the way of governing Peace is stated primarily in terms of line two.
Embracing the uncultivated, using resolute bravery to ford the river, not neglecting the distant, and leaving factions behind: these four are the way of dwelling in Peace.
When human sentiments settle into lazy complacency, governance becomes lax, laws fall into neglect, and affairs lose their restraint.
The way to govern this requires a capacity to embrace the wild and uncultivated; then one's measures will be lenient, thorough, and careful, reforming affairs and principles while the people remain at peace.
If one lacks an embracing tolerance and harbors resentment and haste, one will lack farsighted reflection and create sudden disruptions; deep-seated abuses will not be removed, while immediate troubles will already have arisen. Hence it lies in embracing the uncultivated.
Using resolute bravery to ford the river: in an age of peace and tranquility, human sentiments become accustomed to long-standing ease, resting content in routine, indolent in following precedent, and dreading change.
Without the courage to ford a river, one cannot achieve anything in such a time. Fording a river speaks of firm decisiveness sufficient to cross deep waters and surmount perils.
From ancient times, eras of peaceful governance have inevitably drifted gradually into decline; this is entirely due to becoming habituated to ease and following precedent.
Unless there is a resolute ruler and an heroic minister, they cannot rise up vigorously to reform such abuses. Hence it says "using resolute bravery to ford the river."
Someone might wonder: the preceding phrase says "embracing the uncultivated," which means inclusion and tolerance, while here it says "using resolute bravery to ford the river," which means vigorous reform; these seem contradictory.
They do not realize that applying resolute action with an embracing tolerance is precisely the conduct of sages and worthies.
Not neglecting the distant: in times of peace and tranquility, people's minds are lulled by ease, seeking only temporary comfort; how could they still think deeply and plan far ahead, attending to distant matters?
One who governs Peace must attend comprehensively to all affairs; though distant, nothing must be neglected. Subtle, hidden matters, or worthy talents in remote, obscure places, are all distant things; in times of peace, they are habitually neglected.
Leaving factions behind: when the time has attained peace, people are accustomed to ease, their desires run wild and lose moderation. To restrain and rectify them, unless one cuts off private partisan favoritism, it cannot be done. Hence it says "leaving factions behind."
From ancient times, many who established laws and managed affairs were constrained by human feelings and ultimately could not carry them out. For instance, prohibiting extravagance harms close relatives; limiting landholdings interferes with noble families.
In such matters, if one cannot decide with impartiality and firmly enforce the measures, one is constrained by partisan ties. If one governing Peace cannot leave factions behind, accomplishing anything becomes difficult.
The way of governing Peace possesses these four qualities; then it can accord with the virtue of Nine in the Second Place. Hence it says: "Able to match the central conduct," meaning one can harmonize with the significance of central conduct. "Shàng" means to match.